Ukubhaliswa kwenkampani eLatvia

Ukwenziwa kwenkampani eLatvia inqubo elula futhi eqondile. Eqinisweni, iLatvia ibekwe ohlwini lwe-19 ngokulinganisa kweWorld Bank yonyaka "Doing Business" . Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zezinhlangano ezingokomthetho eLatvia yiNkampani SIA (i- SIA ) nenkampani eyiJoint Stock ( AS ). Ibhizinisi lakho lingabhaliswa futhi njengomuntu uqobo (ukubambisana okulinganiselwe noma okujwayelekile) noma umhwebi yedwa. Inkampani eLatvia ingabhaliswa ngabantu bendawo nabangaphandle bemvelo nabasemthethweni, kanye nemiphakathi yangasese.

Isexwayiso! Sinelungelo elikhethekile lokushintsha wonke amanani akhonjisiwe ngokwesidingo ngasinye sezinsiza ezinikezwayo. Ngoku-oda nathi uyavumelana kokuthi "kusukela" kumgomo wokucaphuna.

^* Ukubhaliswa kwenkampani yaseLatvia "online nge-e-siginesha."

^[1] Ukuhanjiswa kwe-E-hati kusho usizo ngokusayina idokhumenti yedijithali kanye nokufakwa ku-inthanethi.

^{[1] [5] [6]} Usizo nokuxhaswa kuphela.

^[2] Ilungiselelo lokuqokwa nommeli olungisa izivumelwano.

^[3] Ukuletha / ukuhambisa imibhalo kuwe kuRejista yamabhizinisi eRiphabhulikhi yaseLatvia.

^[4] Ikheli lezomthetho lifakiwe kuze kube unyaka owodwa.

^{[6] I-} EDS uhlelo lokumemezela intela ngogesi.

Inqubo yokwenziwa kwenkampani iyahluka ngokuya ngohlobo luphi lwebhizinisi ongathanda ukubhalisa. Ngokufanayo, isikweletu sabaninimasheya, ubuncane bemali yokuqala, kanye nesikhathi, izindleko namadokhumenti adingekayo kuya ngohlobo lwebhizinisi olukhethiwe. Imvamisa, inqubo yokwakhiwa kwenkampani ingahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo eziyisikhombisa:

1. Ukubonisana ngolwazi mayelana nenkampani ^[1] ;
2. Ukubhalwa kwedokhumenti ngokwakhiwa kwenkampani ^[2] ;
3. Ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange yesikhashana (uma kudingeka);
4. Ukudluliselwa kwemali eyinkulungwane yokuqala kwi-akhawunti yasebhange yesikhashana;
5. Ukukhokhwa kwemali yenkokhelo ^[3] ;
6. Izincwadi zokwenziwa kwenkampani zilethwa kuRejista yamabhizinisi;
7. Ukuqoqwa kwesinqumo maqondana nokwakhiwa kwenkampani.

^[1] Isinqumo ngegama lenkampani, ikheli elingokomthetho lenkampani, inani le-equity capital kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamasheya (uma abaninimasheya ababili noma ngaphezulu), neminye imibuzo.

^[2] Imibhalo yokwenziwa kwenkampani ingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo olukhethiwe lwefomu lebhizinisi. Eminye imibhalo kufanele isayinwe phambi kommeli olungisa izifungo.

^[3] Imali ekhokhwayo yokubhalisa, inkokhelo yokushicilelwa kanye nezinye izinkokhelo ezingenzeka.

Uma kwenzeka inkampani ifuna ukuba ngumkhokhi wentela ongezelwe inani, kungenzeka ukuthi ifake isicelo sokufakwa kwirejista ye- VAT ngasikhathi sinye lapho uhambisa imibhalo yokubhaliswa Kwirejista Yamabhizinisi.

1. Ukufaka isicelo sokubhalisa (IFomu KR4) - elizokwaziswa;
2. Imemorandamu yokuhlangana noma isinqumo sokufakwa uma umsunguli oyedwa;
3. Imibhalo yenhlangano;
4. Isitatimende sasebhange esiqinisekisa ukukhokhwa kwemali yokuqala;
5. Ukulinganiswa kwempahla (uma kudingeka);
6. Irejista yabaninimasheya - okumele babhalwe phansi;
7. Imvume yawo wonke amalungu ebhodi ukuthatha lesi sikhundla - ukubekwa eceleni;
8. Isaziso sekheli elisemthethweni;
9. Imvume yomnikazi wesakhiwo uma impahla ingeyona eyomunye wabasunguli benkampani;
10. Idokhumenti eqinisekisa umsebenzi wombuso nokukhokhwa kwemali yokushicilela.

Zuza Inkampani eyenziwe Ready

Ukutholwa kwenkampani eyenziwe ngokulungele kungenye indlela esetshenziswayo ekwakhiweni kwenkampani entsha. Imvamisa, osomabhizinisi bakhetha ukuthola inkampani esezenziwe ngomumo uma bedinga inkampani esevele isebenza ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa. Okunye isizathu kungaba yisidingo sokuthi inkampani ibhaliswe esikhathini esithile esidlule. Isidingo esinjalo sivame ukufakwa kumathenda kahulumeni. Futhi, abalingani bakho nezikhungo zezezimali zingabheka inkampani endala ukuthi ithembeke kangakanani.

Uma kwenzeka uthathe isinqumo sokuthola inkampani eyenziwe ngomumo kunokuba usungule inkampani entsha, kunezinto eziningi okufanele zikhunjulwe:

Ungaqala ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lakho masisha ngemuva kokuphothulwa kokuthenga. Sicela unake, ukuthi noma yiluphi ushintsho, olufana negama lenkampani, luzothatha isikhathi esengeziwe nezindleko. Abanye abahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo banikezela ukuthenga inkampani eyenziwe ngomumo emkhakheni othile. Kuyasiza ukusesha inkampani eyenziwe ngomumo, ebhaliselwe ukusebenza insimu efanele wena.

Zonke izinkampani ezenziwe ngomlando zinomlando. Kufanele wenze inkuthalo yakho efanelekile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umlando wenkampani ozimisele ukuyithenga ihlanzekile ngo-100%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani ibinomsebenzi wokusebenza ngokuphelele futhi ayinazikweletu. Imvamisa, abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo baphinde balethe isitifiketi esiqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi we-zero ongasebenzi wenkampani ozimisele ukuyithenga.

Amanani ezinkampani ezenziwe ngomumo nezinsizakalo ezifakiwe ziyahlukahluka phakathi kwabahlinzeki ngemisebenzi abahlukahlukene. Imvamisa, nemvelo yomuntu (yangasese noma yezomthetho) kanye nesimo somuntu (ohlala noma ongeyena umhlali) kuzothinta izindleko zokuthola inkampani eyenziwe ngomumo. Intengo ephakathi yenkampani eyenziwe ngomumo eLatvia iyahluka phakathi kuka-1 000 EUR no-1 600 EUR futhi ifaka phakathi:

1. Ukubonisana ngezinkampani ezenziwe ngomumo eLatvia;
2. Ukulungiswa kwesivumelwano sokuthenga sokwenza ngokwezifiso;
3. Izimali ezikhokhiswayo nezombuso;
4. Ikheli lezomthetho;
5. Isiqinisekiso sokuthi inkampani inomlando ohlanzekile.

Izintela & Ukugcinwa

Akunandaba noma ngabe uyitholile inkampani eyenziwe ngomumo noma udlulele kwinqubo yokwakhiwa kwenkampani, zonke izinhlaka zomthetho zidinga ukulandela isethi ethile yemithetho uma kukhulunywa ngentela kanye nokugcinwa kwebhuku. Ngaphansi koMthetho Wentela Nemisebenzi, izintela nemisebenzi zibekwa ngumbuso noma ngomasipala. Kunokuhlukahluka okuningana ngemigomo yezinqubomgomo zokusekelwa kwebhizinisi eyethwe nguhulumeni. Izinkampani ezinesimo se-Special Economic Zone ( SEZ ), zijabulela amanani aphansi kakhulu entela phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo. Isibonelo, intela engenayo yenkampani yehliselwa ku-3% wenzuzo enkulu ezinkampanini ezinesimo se-SEZ. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwethulwa umthetho ohlukile wezinkampani zokuqala ngo-1 Januwari 2017. Umthetho omusha unquma izinhlelo ezilandelayo zokusiza umbuso:

1. Imali ekhokhwayo yentela yenhlalo engaguquki ngemvume yabasebenzi;
2. Uhlelo lokusekelwa ngenhloso yokuheha abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu;
3. Isikweletu semali engenayo yenhlangano kanye nesaphulelo se-CIT.

Izinhlangano ezingokomthetho, eziphuma esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyi-12 zidlula i-50 000 EUR, kufanele zibhalise njengomkhokhi wentela ongezwe kunani. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukubhalisa njengokhokhela i-VAT futhi ngaphambi kokuba lo mkhawulo ufinyelelwe. Izinga elijwayelekile le-VAT eLatvia lingama-21% futhi lingakhokhwa njalo ngekota noma njalo ngenyanga, ngokuya ngezinqubo ezithile zomkhokhi wentela.

Kusukela ngo-2018, ama-20% amanani entela engenayo yenkampani asetshenziswa kuphela kwizinzuzo ezisatshalaliswa ngokwabiwa kwemali noma okusetshenziselwa izinhloso ezingahambisani ngqo nokuthuthuka kwebhizinisi. Azikho ezinye izintela ezisetshenziselwa imali etholwa ngamabhizinisi. Izinkampani zabahlali zikhokha i-CIT emholweni wabo womhlaba wonke. Izakhamizi ezingezona izakhamizi ezisungulwe unomphela (i- Pearl ) zikhokhiswa intengo ejwayelekile ye-CIT kumali yazo etholwa yisiLatvia. Uma kungekho i-PE, izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zingabekwa ngaphansi kuka-0 kuya ku-15% ngokugodla intela kuzinkokhelo ezahlukahlukene ezifanelekile, njengokukhokha ezindaweni zentela nezimali zokulawula.

Izinkampani nazo zingabhaliswa njengamabhizinisi amancane. Ngokuphikisana nezinye izinhlobo zebhizinisi ezingokomthetho, amabhizinisi amancane awumbuso wentela kunendlela ehlukile yebhizinisi. Amabhizinisi amancane akhokha intela eyi-15% ekungeneni kwenkampani. Amabhizinisi amancane abhekana nemikhawulo eminingi, njengokuthi inani eliphelele lonyaka lenkampani alikwazi ukwedlula ama-40 000 EUR futhi amaholo awakwazi ukudlula ku-720 EUR ngenyanga.

Izakhamizi zaseLatvia zikhokhiswa intela yemali engenayo emalini etholwa umhlaba wonke. Izakhamizi ezingakhokhiswa intela yemali engenayo etholwa yimali etholwa endaweni. Ngo-2018, kwethulwa uhlelo lokukhokhwa kwemali yentela yomuntu siqu eqhubekayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intela yemali yomuntu siqu ikhokhiswa ngamanani entela ahlukaniswe ngokuya ngenani lemali engenayo. Amanani entela yomuntu wamanje angokulandelayo:

1. Amanani entela yomuntu siqu ka-20% abekwa enanini lemali engakhokhiswa intela edlula i-1 667 EUR ngenyanga noma engama-20 004 EUR ngonyaka;
2. Inani lentela lomuntu siqu le-23% lifakwa inani lemali engenayo yentela, ephakathi kwe-1 667 EUR ne-5 233 EUR ngenyanga noma phakathi kuka-20 004 EUR no-62 800 EUR ngonyaka;
3. Intela yemali engenayo yomuntu siqu engama-31,4% ibekwa enanini lemali engenayo yentela, edlula i-5 233 EUR ngenyanga noma i-62 800 EUR ngonyaka.

Ezinye izintela ezikhokhwa yizinkampani eLatvia zifaka intela yezokuphepha emphakathini kanye nomsebenzi wombuso engcupheni yebhizinisi. Izinkampani zaseLatvia ziphoqelekile ukuthi zilethe lo mbiko wentela ngaphambi komhlaka 15 wenyanga elandelayo. Isitatimende sezimali sonyaka wezimali kufanele sithunyelwe kungakapheli izinyanga ezine kuphele unyaka wezimali.

Residence imvume ngebhizinisi eLatvia

Enye inzuzo yokubhalisa inkampani yakho eLatvia ukuthi kungenzeka uthole imvume yokuhlala eLatvia. Ngokuthola imvume yokuhlala eLatvia, uthola ithuba lokuhamba ngokukhululeka ngaphakathi kwendawo yaseSchengen izinsuku ezingama-90 kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha. Abantu abanemvume yokuhlala eLatvia, kanye namalungu emindeni yabo, banelungelo lokusebenza, ukutadisha nokusebenzisa izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eLatvia. Ezinye izinzuzo zifaka phakathi inqubo elula yokuthola i-visa e-United States nakwamanye amazwe.

Uhlaka lokukhishwa kwemvume yokuhlala lubikezela izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokuthola imvume yokuhlala ngebhizinisi eLatvia:

1. Ukutshala imali enhlokodolobha yezabelo yenkampani yaseLatvia - isakhamuzi sakwamanye amazwe singafaka isicelo semvume yokuhlala uma sinesandla enhlokodweni yezabelo yenkampani yaseLatvia. Imali oyitshalile akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwama-50 000 EUR (uma inzuzo yonyaka yenkampani ingeqi ku-10 000 000 EUR futhi ingenabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-50), noma i-100 000 EUR (uma inzuzo yonyaka yenkampani idlula i-10 000 000 EUR kanye inabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-50 kanye nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo).
2. Ukuba yilungu lebhodi, umphathi, ilunga lomkhandlu, ummeleli wobambiswano, umhloli, umthengisi wezezimali noma ummeleli womthengisi wakwelinye izwe emisebenzini ehlukahlukene ehlobene negatsha lenkampani yakwamanye amazwe noma inkampani yaseLatvia.
3. Ukuba yisisebenzi enkampanini yaseLatvia enomholo omncane ka-860 EUR ngenyanga. Le mvume yokuhlala ikhishwa isikhathi esiyiminyaka emi-5 kepha idinga ukwandiswa minyaka yonke.

Ngenye indlela, kungenzeka ukuthi ufake isicelo se-visa yohlobo C. I-C yohlobo lwe-visa i-visa yesikhashana endaweni yase Schengen. Kungaba ukungena okuningana, ukungena kabili noma okukodwa.

Ukuhluka kwama-visa e-C

1. I-visa yohlobo lwe-C isebenza ngokusemthethweni kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu eSchengen - i-visa enobumbano, enikeza abanikazi bayo amandla okuhlala kunoma yiliphi izwe lamalungu eSchengen;
2. I-visa yohlobo lwe-C isebenza kuphela eLatvia, noma ngaphandle kwesimo selungu le-Schengen elicacisiwe.

Izakhamizi ze-European Union nazo kufanelekile ukuthola imvume yokuhlala eLatvia uma umuntu esehlala eLatvia iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu. Kwezinye izimo ezithile, umthetho weminyaka emihlanu awunakwa.

Xhumana nathi